I know we already have a thread about this, but it sort of drifted away...
http://www.sankakucomplex.com/forums/topic.php?id=107
And another UNICEF article that caused much rage in the comments...
http://www.sankakucomplex.com/2009/01/14/unicef-demands-tighter-loli-ban-for-japan/
My main disagreement with putting the banhammer on lolis and shotas is that I see no correlation with the viewing/production of underage hentai and acting upon those fantasies.
It seems like every time I read some negative comment about lolicon, someone will say something along the lines of, "Think about who is looking at this stuff!" Yes... Because everyone who views and produces this stuff is a deranged 40 year old white-man sitting in his basement who has already raped a number of small children. Right?
I wasn't able to watch kodomo no jikan or strike witches with a clear conscience, but the thought has never crossed my mind of abducting a child and molesting them. I'm just an 18 year old math student with a life outside collecting nude filters of Lucky Star characters.
What drew me to loli in the first place was not the child part, but the cuteness aspect, a prevalent feature of many Japanese things. :)
Also the reason why loli/shota could get lumped together with real child pornography is that something gets lost in translation when you try to import something from another culture. I live in America, and we aren't too comfortable with sexuality here. I understand that in Japan, it's more accepted, and I read that in some prefectures, the age of consent is as low as 13? Maybe that's changed, I read that from something 10 years old. And of course those famous ancient woodblock prints of tentacle rape.
The people making the laws on banning loli probably don't quite understand what they're even banning. It may come as a shock to them that it has absolutely nothing to do with the harm or exploitation of real life children.
There is also the argument that these pictures harm the moral fiber of society. This also falls short because all I have to do is point to the crime rate statistics in Japan, particularly in sexually related offenses.
http://www.nationmaster.com/country/ja-japan/cri-crime
I wouldn't really consider Japan an uncultured people either with no values in anything except sex.
This may all be a shock to lawmakers who want to put people in jail for years over some fictional pictures.

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